
This guide has been merged into a single, more comprehensive article. Read the current version here: What Is IPFS? The Ultimate Guide To Decentralized Storage.

Pinning services can remove their own copy of a file. They cannot remove it from IPFS. Here is exactly what a takedown does and does not accomplish.

libp2p connections can run over more than one transport. Here is exactly what changes with QUIC instead of TCP, and why IPFS dials both at once.

The DHT answers who has a CID. GossipSub answers a different question: how do peers push real-time updates to everyone listening, without a lookup at all.

js-ipfs is deprecated. Helia is what replaced it: a modular, TypeScript-first IPFS implementation built for the browser and Node.js. Here is how it fits.

Not every retrieval needs the whole DAG. IPLD Selectors describe exactly which nodes to traverse and match, so a client can fetch a slice, not everything.

Almost no browser understands ipfs:// links natively. Here is exactly why, what IPFS Companion actually does about it, and why gateway URLs took over instead.